Отечественная история

In the article deals with socio-political views of one of brightest representatives of the French Enlightenment era, the historian of Russia P.-Sh. Leveque. The great interest is the analysis of the views by Leveque on the most urgent problems of state and public arrangement of Russia of the XVIIIth century: the reign of Peter I and Catherine II. In considering the topic judgments of the French historian with the ideals of the one of the leading philosophers of the Enlightenment era, D. Diderot were compared.

The article examines the process of press censorship establishment in the environment of reforms that encompassed all spheres of life of the society in the first quarter of 18th century.

In clause the questions ancient potters in light of the theory of activity connected to process of interaction of the historian and a historical source are considered. Some problems of the historical-cultural and information approaches are considered on the basis of study of activity potters, knowledge of laws of formation of this motivation and product of his activity.

Culturogenesis in the middle of the 2nd millennium B.C. was complicated and multicomponent ones phenomen. The earli tipes of timber-grave culture developed in various ways in different natural geographic niches of Volga, Don and Ural with participation of different transitional cultural types at the turn of middle and late bronze ages (Krivaya Luka, Babino, Lola, Volsk, Pokrovsk, Potapovka, Sintashta, Petrovka). Further we can see global convergence of steppe cattlebreeding tribes and general leveling of the local peculiarities of timber-grave culture. 

The article deals with the activity of V.A. Gorodtsov, an outstanding Russian archaeologist, in terms of the history of archaeology of the Lower Volga Region. His papers are of fundamental importance for investigating the Bronze Age monuments and artifacts of the Gorodets culture. He used to cooperate with the amateur archaeologists from Saratov and was the first one to recognize availability of the monuments of the Bronze Age pit, timber and Khvalynskaya cultures in the region. Gorodtsov gave special attention to the Sosnovo-Mazinskij hoard.

The article is devoted to the analysis of delinquencies in the daily life of the German population of the Saratov Right-Bank Volga Region and the preventive punishments. The author examines the questions of division of property. Particular attention is paid to delinquencies connected with relations between the colonists, author analyses and shows different perception of the law and moral norms by the German population.

This article discusses the basic stages of formation and upgrading of fire stations in the system of municipal government Saratov XVIII–XIX centuries. Also reflects the dynamics of fire safety systems on the basis of normative documents. The author, based on legal acts, identifies three main stages of the urban fire service Saratov.

The article reviews the diary of the Minister of War D.A. Miliutin, 1878– 1882. This period is marked by strengthening of Miliutin’s position. By that time he became an important political figure who determined the national foreign policy. D.A. Miliutin was to solve a number of urgent problems both domestically and internationally. Until his resignation his main course of action was to avoid the possibility of international isolation for Russia again.

Scientific research about well-known Russian lawyer A.I. Urusove. Urusov has become famous as the lawyer protecting participants of the secret terrorist organisation. For support of revolutionaries was exposed to prosecutions. The power forbade it to conduct professional work. In article severe methods of prosecution are shown by Russian autocracy of oppositionists. Long time was in exile, but has not surrendered. In research it is a lot of contemporary records.

Research is devoted the Russian conservative and the statesman. Pobedonoscev created the political concept of necessity of a monarchy in Russia. Its original doctrine about power and society interaction интеесно as an example of conservative thought. Proved historical necessity of the strong power for Russia as in Russian society there are no traditions of independence of the people. His conclusions are paradoxical and represent the big interest.