Отечественная история

In this article the formation of A. S. Bartenev as a medieval scholar is considered against a broad background of institutional changes and reform of the system of higher education and postgraduate studies in the USSR in the second half of the 1920s – first half of the 1930s. The development of the system of academic training in the field of medieval studies took place under the direct influence of the scholars of the “old” school, who sought to adapt the traditional requirements for qualifying essays to the new conditions.

Complex families are one of the variants of a household that combines several married couples. For a number of reasons, such families enjoyed the support of the state, landlords and the peasant community for a long time. However, after the Great Reforms, complex families began to transform under the influence of socio-economic processes. The article assesses the prevalence of a complex family among the peasant population of the Russian Empire and its changes in the second half of the 19th century.

The article discusses the description of the osteria of Italian cities by Russian travelers of the XVII century – stolnik P. A. Tolstoy and boyar B. P. Sheremetev. Only in the travel notes of stolnik P. A. Tolstoy is a detailed description of the osteria given. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the entries of the travel diaries of Russian travelers of the XVII century and their actual tour contributed to the active penetration of such an institution into the everyday life of Russia. 

The article is devoted to the analysis of the causes of the beginning of the war in Chechnya. The author examines the questions of making policy decisions about the putting into bringing of Russian forces Chechnya, town of Grozny. Special attention is paid to the Chronology of that time and actions of Russian political forces and political forces of Chechnya.

The author in the article examines one of the aspects of social thought in emigration – the attitude to the historical heritage of the former Russian Empire. The article is based on the papers of “The Days” newspaper, which was not published before.

In this article the author considers history of Russian scouts movement in the emigration and role that play in this organization Chief Scout of Russia Oleg Pantuhoff. The author shows danger of crushing and disappearance of the scout organization abroad and then analyses uniting role which in this situation has played O.I. Pantjuhov. This work is written mainly for specialists of history of the Russian Scout movement, but it can be useful for historians who specialized in the history of Russian emigration and youth movements too.

The disappointing results of WWI force people to look for the reasons for lack of proficiency of some commanders of that period. One of the factors that influenced their career development and high ranks was the evaluation system in Russia. The history of emergence and transformation of its basic principles has been described in the article.