Отечественная история

Culturogenesis in the middle of the 2nd millennium B.C. was complicated and multicomponent ones phenomen. The earli tipes of timber-grave culture developed in various ways in different natural geographic niches of Volga, Don and Ural with participation of different transitional cultural types at the turn of middle and late bronze ages (Krivaya Luka, Babino, Lola, Volsk, Pokrovsk, Potapovka, Sintashta, Petrovka). Further we can see global convergence of steppe cattlebreeding tribes and general leveling of the local peculiarities of timber-grave culture. 

The article deals with the activity of V.A. Gorodtsov, an outstanding Russian archaeologist, in terms of the history of archaeology of the Lower Volga Region. His papers are of fundamental importance for investigating the Bronze Age monuments and artifacts of the Gorodets culture. He used to cooperate with the amateur archaeologists from Saratov and was the first one to recognize availability of the monuments of the Bronze Age pit, timber and Khvalynskaya cultures in the region. Gorodtsov gave special attention to the Sosnovo-Mazinskij hoard.

The article is devoted to the analysis of delinquencies in the daily life of the German population of the Saratov Right-Bank Volga Region and the preventive punishments. The author examines the questions of division of property. Particular attention is paid to delinquencies connected with relations between the colonists, author analyses and shows different perception of the law and moral norms by the German population.

This article discusses the basic stages of formation and upgrading of fire stations in the system of municipal government Saratov XVIII–XIX centuries. Also reflects the dynamics of fire safety systems on the basis of normative documents. The author, based on legal acts, identifies three main stages of the urban fire service Saratov.

The article reviews the diary of the Minister of War D.A. Miliutin, 1878– 1882. This period is marked by strengthening of Miliutin’s position. By that time he became an important political figure who determined the national foreign policy. D.A. Miliutin was to solve a number of urgent problems both domestically and internationally. Until his resignation his main course of action was to avoid the possibility of international isolation for Russia again.

Scientific research about well-known Russian lawyer A.I. Urusove. Urusov has become famous as the lawyer protecting participants of the secret terrorist organisation. For support of revolutionaries was exposed to prosecutions. The power forbade it to conduct professional work. In article severe methods of prosecution are shown by Russian autocracy of oppositionists. Long time was in exile, but has not surrendered. In research it is a lot of contemporary records.

Research is devoted the Russian conservative and the statesman. Pobedonoscev created the political concept of necessity of a monarchy in Russia. Its original doctrine about power and society interaction интеесно as an example of conservative thought. Proved historical necessity of the strong power for Russia as in Russian society there are no traditions of independence of the people. His conclusions are paradoxical and represent the big interest.

This article is devoted to the dispute about the Russian art, which are developed as regards the Danilevsky’ book «Russia and Europe». There were distinguished the points of view Danilevsky and Vladimir Soloviev, his opponent, from the positions of Russian art intellectuals. The well-known critic Vladimir Stasov, who represented nationalistic tendency among Russian artists and musicians, appeared against Soloviev’s side in this dispute. This significant fact was not considered in the scientific literature.

In the center of attention of the article is the life of one of the little-known figures of the Time of Troubles, who was in the center of events, related to the formation of the Novgorod-Swedish political union, and the negotiations in Yaroslavl between the leaders of the Nizhny Novgorod’s militia and Novgorod’s citizens. The author considers the following life of this person in detail, his joining the government of Michael Romanov, his post of voevoda of Saratov, taking part in the construction of a new fortress in Astrakhan.

The author of the article focuses on a personality and world view of A. F. Labzin, the Moscow University graduate, Novikovsky coterie’s disciple, Masonic Lodge founder and vice-president of Imperial Art Academy. Some peculiarities of spiritual life of Russian intellectuals in the first fourth of XIX century are revealed based on analysis of his ethical views (using Zion Bulletin periodical)