Региональная история и краеведение

In the article the alteration of ethnic makeup in Saratov Region in 2002–2010  is examined. Tendencies of linguistic and national selfidentity of primary ethnic groups in Saratov Region are scrutinized and determined. Based on the results of the 2010 nationwide population census, the strengthening of the Russian language as primary lingua franca across the region has been registered, as well as persistence of the so-called “national” languages among the peoples of Caucasus and Central Asia.

The report of Senator Zhemchuzhnikov on the results of the audit of the Nakhichevan district in 1844 contains significant materials on the organization and activities of the self-government bodies of the Armenian colony in the Lower Don Region, formed in 1779 by Armenian immigrants from the Crimea. The duties of the mayor were not determined either by law or public sentence, and therefore the limits of his power depended on personal qualities and on the respect that he commanded in the district.

The article considers the reasons for the transfer of the left-bank Saratov to the right bank of the Volga in the area of the modern Museum Square. Particular attention is paid to the ruling persons (governors) of the town. The time of their stay in the new right-bank Saratov is specified. The main sources on the history of Saratov of this period are analyzed in detail.

The article considers unknown pages of the history of the left-bank of Saratov. Particular attention is paid to the collapse of the embassy caravan on the Volga near Saratov on October 1, 1639 and to the further actions of Prince F. F. Volkonsky’s Ambassador. For the first time a detailed chronology of the events that took place in this city in the summer of 1637 and in the autumn of 1639 is presented, the Saratov Chronicle compiled 120 years ago is supplemented over the years.The main sources about the history of Saratov of this period are analyzed in detail.

In the Russian Empire from the XVIII century there was a process of formation of centers of handicrafts. Russian historiography lacks an accurate understanding of the problems associated with the emergence of artisanal crafts and their centers. On the example of one of the major lace-making centers – the city of Balakhna of the Nizhny Novgorod province – the article discusses versions of its appearance and development.

The article is devoted to the participation of military volunteers from Saratov in the Serbian-Turkish war of 1876. The author analyzes the texts of the notes of the Saratov military volunteers published in the publication of the regional press “Saratov fact sheet”. The article reveals the socio-psychological and political motives of military volunteers, their perception of the situation in the Balkans and the evolution of their sentiments from the moment they were sent from Russia to their direct participation in the hostilities and return from the war.

The article examines the unexplored in historiography question of the state personnel policy in relation to forestry workers on the example of the Volga region, which in the 1920s was controversial. A major success should take the emergence of the forest Institute in the Tatar ASSR and forestry College in the Penza province, which contributed to the increase in the number of qualified professionals in the region. But the ongoing mass layoffs and separations of workers of forest areas has led to the deterioration of the forest Fund.

The article shows the state of the housing stock, the work of public services, anti-epidemic measures and the activities of the health system of the city of Saratov as elements of the social policy of the state and the daily life of the population during the great Patriotic war. It is concluded that for objective reasons in the social sphere housing and communal conditions have significantly deteriorated, but the system of medical care of the urban population has coped in 1941–1945 with the tasks assigned to it.

The paper regards the behavioral and leisure practices of society and government policy in the field of culture and leisure in the 1960s, which demonstrated the shifts at the social level and in the public consciousness. Methods of integrating party policies and initiatives of common Soviet people in organization and regulation of free time are considered. The use of archival material on in the Saratov region allows us to highlight the regional aspect of this topic.

Having come to power, the Bolsheviks along with socio-economic, political, state and legal transformations began cultural and educational changes. The paper attempts to consider the formation of Soviet culture and education in the Russian province using the example and materials of one of the uyezds of Saratov gubernia. The author comes to the conclusion that the undertakings of the uyezd authorities in this sphere of public life were not well thought out and organized.