Международные отношения

The article presentsthe historical and legal aspects ofthe Ukrainian crisis inthe context ofthe development ofmodern international law. The events in Ukraine in 2014–2024 actualized many institutions of modern international law: the hierarchy of principles of territorial integrity of states and the right of peoples to self-determination, the problem of secession and the role of referendums in the creation of new independent states, the issue of their recognition in the international arena and the protection of compatriots abroad.

The article presents the process of evolution of theoretical approaches to explaining modern integration trends in various regions of the world. The author tried to reveal the logic of the evolution of various theoretical schools and approaches in relation to the changing realities of the international environment. The author manages to present an original view on the problems of the theory of regionalization, to present individual aspects of its modern transformation.

The article examines the consistent evolution of the UN and US sanctions policy towards North Korea. Key aspects of their approaches are highlighted. They are analyzed and compared, similarities and differences in approaches, goals and methods are identified. The results of these policies are examined, and a conclusion is made about the achievement of the stated goals. 

The article examines the evolution of Eurasian integration. The author proposes a five-stage periodization of Eurasian integration. It emphasizes the complexity of the interaction between geopolitical and economic interests that have shaped the course of Eurasian integration over the past three decades, as well as the significance of the EAEU as a platform for further integration within Eurasia and the creation of the idea of the Greater Eurasian Partnership (BEP) as a new concept aimed at forming a broad integration framework.

This article explores the key features of the foreign policy of four European dwarf states that managed to retain their status as independent political and territorial entities by the start of the 20th century: the Principality of Andorra, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Principality of Monaco, and the Most Serene Republic of San Marino. The study highlights how, due to their similarities in size and historical circumstances, these states’ foreign policies not only share common traits, but have also evolved in similar ways over time.

The article is devoted to the rivalry between France and Russia in North Africa in the 2010s, when the spread of the Arab Spring in the region distorted the existing political landscape. France’s policy in North Africa, as well as Russia’s interests and objectives in the region are considered. The author notes the changing political and economic ties between the North African states and global actors in the context of the increasing frequency of crises in the global energy sphere and the gradual deterioration of the political situation between the EU and Russia. 

In this article the author analyzes the historical and legal origins of the formation of bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Turkey. The political events of the early twentieth century are considered, as a result of which the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) was formed, as well as the political discourse in Azerbaijani society on the development of Azerbaijani-Ottoman relations. The result of the development of such political dialogue was the rapprochement and conclusion of a number of agreements between the ADR and the Ottoman Empire.

The article examines the policy of Great Britain in the Mediterranean region in the years preceding the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. The author turns to the analysis of British economic interests in the Mediterranean and the activities of the government in the interwar period. It is shown that the relatively soft position of Great Britain in relation to Italian expansion was dictated by economic and political circumstances.