Региональная история и краеведение

The history of the peat industry both on the scale of Russia and in the regional framework of the Saratov province is a poorly studied topic. The article examines various aspects of the functioning of peat mining in Kuznetsk, Serdobsky, Petrovsky counties.

The article examines a little-known episode of the Civil War – the activities of the Military Council of the Atkarsk-Rtishchevo fortified region from the moment the fortified area was created on July 19, 1919, until it was disbanded on August 8, 1919. The activities of the Military Council contributed to the repulse of the attack of the Caucasian Army of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia on Saratov. 

The article analyzes comprehensive studies of the unique natural and cultural-historical territory on the Middle Volga – Samara Luka and one of the largest landlords in Russia – the Usolsky Patrimony of the Orlovs and Orlov-Davydovs. This example shows the role of historians and modern methods of “local history” in interdisciplinary studying the past of Russian regions, including the processes of the colonization and the development of the South-East of European Russia.

On the materials of the state archives of Samara, Kazan, Cheboksary and on published historical sources the article analyzes the preparations for the celebrations dedicated to the 300th anniversary ofthe Romanov dynasty. It is shownthat preparationsforthe holidaytook on a universal  character, all segments of the population, independent of class, national, religious affiliation, were involved in the process of this preparation. Programs of celebrations are analyzed, they depended on a specific city, its material capabilities and the composition of the population.

The article analyses the methods Communist party organizations used in informing Soviet citizens about events and developments abroad. It concludes that Communist party played a leading role in informing Soviet people about life abroad.

The article represents the scientific analysis of the newspapers articles, published in the beginning of 20th centuries. The results of the analysis prove the idea that no radical social changes took place in Russian and the main development paradigms development have not yet been changed for more then 100 years. The absence of changes produces the atmosphere of pessimism in society irrespective of the sources of information.

The article is devoted to the underinvestigated aspects of the daily life of the German colonies of the Saratov Right-Bank Volga Region. The author analyses family, legal and property status of a woman in a German peasant family. The author also examines the relationships between the spouses, parents and children.

The article deals with the unknown pages of history of the Saratov’s left bank, associated with staying of the Eastern Patriarchs Paisius and Macarius in this city. Analyzed in detail the route of the patriarchs by the Volga from Astrakhan to Simbirsk in summer 1666. At this time the city of Saratov was in the focus of the Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.

Substantiation is provided for a model of culture genesis in the Lower Volga Region during the Late Bronze Age (LBA). Three phases corresponding to the succeeding archaeological cultures are recognized in the LBA of the region. The first phase (LBA 1) – the Pokrovsk culture, the second one (LBA 2) – the timber-grave culture, the third one (LBA 3) – the Khvalynsk culture of beaded pottery. At the change of phases, monuments of mixed types occur, with combined elements of the preceding and of the subsequent archaeological cultures.

The paper deals with Volga river crossings as a vital means of transportation during the Great Patriotic War. The information on river crossings work before and duringthe Battle of Stalingrad are summarized, systematized and supplemented. The changes intheir number, location and work in fighting are traced. The results of Volga crossings work are established. The conclusion on Volga crossings vital importance for evacuation as well is made.