Экономика

The article shows one of the main directions in economic contacts between Saratov and Ufa – timber trade in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The main source was the reporting of the Ufa branch of the Volga-Kama Commercial Bank, one of the largest private banks of the Russian Empire, whose branches opened in Saratov in 1871, and in Ufa in 1873. The main feature of the Ufa forest trade in Saratov was the use of promissory notes due to the need to quickly sell goods before the end of navigation.

The article says about the socio-economic progress of the Ural Cossacks army at the beginning of XX century. The purpose of study is to analyze and designate some features that were typical for economics of the own Ural Cossacks’ economy.

The article analyzes the risks and benefits for Kyrgyz Republic to enter to the Customs Union in the short and long term perspectives. Taking into account the economic situation in the country, the article describes the realistic scenarios of the effects of the Customs Union to economic sectors of the country and different layers of the population. The author also shares his opinion and gives practical recommendations to minimize the negative effects of joining the Kyrgyz Republic to the Customs Union

This article deals with the first stages of formation of German colonies on the Volga river in the second half of the 18th – the first half of the 19th centuries. The colonization policy of the government consisted of the whole system of well-thought means and decrees that tended to spread on all sides of internal life of colonists.

В статье проанализированы основные этапы формирования социальной политики советского государства в 1953–1985 гг. Главное внимание уделено анализу процесса разработки и принятия советским руководством решений в социальной сфере. Выдвинуто положение о том, что к середине 1970-х гг. была сформулирована главная цель социальной политики – распределение ресурсов в пользу малообеспеченных социальных слоев и защита социальных гарантий всем категориям населения. 

The article analyzes the dynamics of income and consumption of the population of the Lower Volga region during the pre-perestroika twenty years. Based on a wide range of evidence sources, we reveal the impact of the economic and foreign policy factors on the living standards in the region in 1965–1985. In conclusion, an assessment for the development level of the Soviet society in the mid-1980s is given.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main directions of development of economic cooperation between Azerbaijan and Turkey in the post-Soviet period (1992–2010). The author considers the legal basis of Azerbaijani-Turkish economic relations, and the impact of bilateral treaties on the growth and dynamics of economic indicators. A detailed analysis of the importance of the countries in social and economic life of each other is presented.

The article examines the dynamics of the population and economic development of the region in the late XVIII and the first third of the XIX century. The author identifies the main trends that determined the direction of social and economic processes that took place during that period and determined the further development of the region.

This article examines the political and economic processes taking place in or related to the Middle East from the mid-30s to 1955. At the work, the author systematizes the prerequisites and reasons for the formation of CENTO, deduced on the basis of the facts set out in the work and the identified cause-and-effect relationships. The following methods were used in the work: abstraction in historical knowledge, cause-and-effect analysis of connections between historical events, historical-system analysis.