political parties

Article is devoted to policy ideas that were base for cooperation and confrontation between political forces in Poland during the sanacja regime (1926–1939). Identified ideas that could sat-licking certain political forces or lead to their rivalry.

The position of the Progressive Block leaders in the most important questions of the Russian foreign policy in August 1915–February 1917 is examined. The author analyzes foreign policy priorities of the main political parties, the reasons of the conflict of the Duma opposition and autocracy, and carries out the research of the Russian parliament influence on the country’s foreign policy.

In this article we study disagreements in policy and tactics that arose between the parties of Socialist-Revolutionaries and National socialists. These disagreements involved the development problems of agrarian sector, some differences in understanding of social and political structure of Russian society and the attitude to political terror. The major conclusion of the article is the following: disagreements in policy and tactics of neo-populists prevented them from formulating common ideology.

The paper studies the role played by the State Duma in developing foreign policy of the Russian Empire during the First Russian revolution. Competences of the representation power do not extend to foreign policy. However, the State Law, adopted in 1906, gave members of Parliament tools of indirect control that enabled them to influence current activities of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and to shape foreign policy of the country

In the article, the attitude of political parties of Russia to the cooperative movement at a stage of its mass development at the beginning of the XX century is analyzed. In the center of the author’s attention is the party of revolutionary socialists and cooperative reformists who were mostly interested in the cooperation and, to a lesser extent, social democrats, cadets and other parties.

The results of the work of the first Russian cooperative congresses, their composition and size are investigated. The decisions of the congresses, which determined the direction of development of agricultural, credit, consumer, industrial, creamery and processing cooperatives, are analyzed for many years to come. Special attention in the article is paid to the reaction of the authorities to their organization and to identifying the reasons for participation in political parties in cooperative congresses.