The article analyzesthe activities ofthe Suzdal, Vladimir and Kirzhach prison camps ofthe Directorate for Prisoners of War and Internees (UPVI) – the Main Directorate for Prisoners of War and Internees (GUPVI) of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), special hospital No. 2989 and separate working battalions No. 340 and 413 of the Ministry of the Armed Forces (MVS) of the USSR, operating on Vladimir land in 1940–1949. The categories and national composition of prisoners of war are traced. The main attention is paid to the Vladimir industrial camp No. 190, through which more than 31 thousand former enemy soldiers passed. The main results of their work are shown for prisoners of war in the labor force balance of individual enterprises and organizations of the region. Information is provided on the quantitative and national composition of more than three thousand prisoners of war buried in 21 cemeteries of the region. The conclusion is made about the significant contribution of prisoners of war to the development of the economy of the Vladimir region in the period under review. This was how they paid, sometimes at the cost of their lives, for the aggressive policies of their Governments.