evacuation

Work covers the important economic and social processes in the history of the Saratov region of the period of the Great Patriotic War. Functioning and a role of the numerous evacuated enterprises, their place in system of the Saratov industry is considered. Complexities of an everyday life of workers, power activity under the decision of new problems of a wartime are analyzed. Growth of migratory activity of a considerable part of the population of area and its reason is marked.

The article is based on the unknown documents and memoirs considers the evacuation of the orphanage № 1 for Spanish kids to the village Kukkus (now – Village Privolgskoe of Rovensky district of  Saratov region). The author is analyzing  the work of the administration of the orphanage. The article examines the difficulties  that the kids  and the staff faced at the new place during the war. The article mostly focuses on the problem what was done to improve living conditions of the kids. 

In article there are considered quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the population of the Saratov Volga region in 1941–1945 years. They were caused by the migration processes (military and labor mobilization, deportation of Germans, evacuation, resettlement), and factors of natural movement.

The article discusses the process of returning of the inhabitants of the Pskov region to their native places after their liberation from the Nazi invaders, evacuated in 1941 to the eastern regions of the country. Digital data on the number of evacuated and re-evacuated, examples of state aid to the latter are presented, the difficulties of re-evacuation and the demographic consequences of the war for one of the indigenous regions of Russia are revealed.