Izvestiya of Saratov University.
ISSN 1819-4907 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1913 (Online)


craft

The development of Czech cities in the post-Hussite period as a prerequisite for the emergence of Czech printing

The article attempts to identify the economic prerequisites for the emergence of printing in the Czech Republic. The author analyzes the economic development of Czech cities in the post-Hussite period, analyzes the main privileges that cities were given or confirmed by their owners, as well as the development of crafts and trade in them.

Women in the social life of a medieval town (based on the material of London in the 14th–15th centuries)

The article examines the place and role of women in the social life of London in the 14th–15th centuries based on the material of the original sources. It is shown that, despite the restrictions fixed by custom and laws on the social activity of women, the range of occupations of the townsmen –wives and widows – was unusually wide. It is craft and trade, including the right to take apprentices, real estate transactions, and financial deals. Women did not just help men in the craft or trade shops, but also worked independently.