Российская империя

В статье анализируются опубликованные и неопубликованные статистические источники, освещающие развитие кустарных промыслов в Российской империи, проводится группировка разных видов источников, рассматривается возможность использования материалов для проведения статистического анализа, в том числе с использованием компьютерных технологий. Впервые в историографии обоснован факт проведения земледельческим ведомством (ГУЗиЗ) в 1911–1913 гг. первой всероссийской кустарной переписи, которой было охвачено большинство губерний и областей империи.

In the present paper we analyze the correspondence in 1908 between two prominent Russian publicists at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries Ismail Gasprinsky and Mikhail Menshikov in the context of intensification of the military and political crisis in Europe and the unresolved «Eastern question». Furthermore, we compare their views on the necessity to form a Russian-Turkish political union.

The article examines the process of changing the state policy in the sphere of control over the activities of public associations. Until the early twentieth century the policy of prohibition of all nonstate entities was carried out in the state. The situation began to change during the first Russian revolution, when Russian society receives a set of civil rights and freedoms. The analysis of the legal framework regulating the creation and activities of the first non-governmental organizations is given.

Based on a wide range of sources and archival materials the article analyzes the position of the Russian publisher and publicist I. A. Arsenyev on the Polish issue on the eve of the Polish Uprising of 1863–1864. Arsenyev, seconded to Warsaw in 1861 to compile correspondences, was a journalist of a new format. He not only objectively recorded the events that contributed to the escalation of the Russian-Polish conflict, but after analyzing them, outlined his vision of the problem in a special note, which aroused interest in the highest government circles.

The article examines Russian participation in such institutionalized form of prisoner of war exchange as cartels. The author reveals a complex and contradictory mechanism for the formulation and implementation of the cartel; analyzes its advantages and disadvantages in the context of domestic and, in part, foreign experience; comes to the conclusion that under certain circumstances the cartel can be used in the course of modern armed conflicts of both international and domestic character.

In the Russian Empire from the XVIII century there was a process of formation of centers of handicrafts. Russian historiography lacks an accurate understanding of the problems associated with the emergence of artisanal crafts and their centers. On the example of one of the major lace-making centers – the city of Balakhna of the Nizhny Novgorod province – the article discusses versions of its appearance and development.

 The article is devoted to foreign policy topics in Russian satirical journals of the first half of the 1860s. The author analyzes the historical content of feuilletons and caricatures of the leading satirical magazines of the era “Iskra” and “Zanoza”. The article reveals the historical and cultural origins of the “accusatory trend” in public opinion and the press of Russia at the turn of the 1850s-1860s, the peculiarities of its implementation in relation to the foreign policy aspect.