The article examines the activities of the general police and gendarmerie in Tsaritsynsky Uyezd on the eve of the revolutionary events of the early 20th century, as Tsaritsyn, being a deportation point for subjects implicated in revolutionary activities, significantly influenced the development of the revolutionary situation in the region. The study analyzes personnel composition, investigative methods, material support for employees, and organizational shortcomings in their work.