Всеобщая история и международные отношения

This article is devoted to highlighting the international problems of the initial period of World War II that arose around the status of Gibraltar and the Canary Islands. Spain maintained military-political neutrality in the war. The countries participating in the armed conflict (USA, Great Britain, Nazi Germany) tried to use the territories belonging to Spain to their advantage. In 1941–1942 the British leadership developed several options for subordinating the Canary Islands to the UK. The article deals with operations Bugler, Chatney, Puma and Pilgrim.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the representation of the image of Cu Сhulainn in the Irish historical memory in the Gaelic revival. The author reveals the image of a mythical character from the Ulster cycle. The researcher revealed the meaning of the hero in the works of W. B. Yeats. Cu Сhulainn became a national hero and became a symbol of Irish identity. And the legends served as an ideological basis for the development of nationalism and the struggle of the Irish for the independence of the country.

This article considers one of the most significant events in African–American history – the Charleston slave Conspiracy of 1822. The author focuses on the causes and prerequisites of this phenomenon, which are divided into 5 groups (political, socio-cultural, socio-economic, demographic and personal motives). Subjecting each of them to a critical analysis, he comes to the conclusion that it is impossible to attribute the Denmark Vesey conspiracy to typical slave uprisings.

The author suggests that since Jerusalem has become one of the model cities for European consciousness (along with Rome and partly Athens), its legacy manifests itself in the invariable correlation of the systems created by politicians and their cultural protégés with those described in the Old and New Testaments. The model archetypal state was compared not only with Caesar’s Rome and the power of Alexander the Great, but primarily with the Israel of David and Solomon, despite its fragility.

The article examines the circumstances of emigration of children from Great Britain in the XIX–ХХ centuries based on the material of the sources. It is proved that the resettlement was caused by the pauperization of the urban population in the conditions of industrialization. In Canada, minors could be adopted or work on farms, as servants, receiving maintenance and wages. The children had to go to school. It was a prerequisite.

The article is devoted to the battle on the river Boyne (July 1, 1690) – one of the largest battles of the War of the League of Augsburg and the largest battle in the history of Ireland. The conflict was caused by a clash between two crowned rivals – James II Stuart, who was overthrown during the “Glorious Revolution” of 1688–1689 in England, and Prince of Orange – statholder of the Netherlands, who seized the British throne and proclaimed himself King William III of Britain.

The article examines the conditions of the coming to power of the English Queen Mary Tudor and the peculiarities of her reign, including from the point of view of gender aspects. It is shown that, while condemning Mary I Tudor for her adherence to Catholicism, many historians do not mention the positive aspects of her short reign of England. Mary Tudor came to power at a difficult time for the Kingdom. Having no experience of governing the country, Maria brought the statesmen who had recently opposed her closer to her.

The article discusses some aspects of the participation of the Roman nobility of the Principate period in providing the military command of the empire. This issue is being investigated in connection with the problem of the inertia of the aristocratic consciousness, which manifested itself in the desire of representatives of the Roman nobility for military glory. It is concluded that the military command in the early Roman Empire, having become an imperial prerogative, continued to be an expression of aristocratic identity.

The article is devoted to the consideration of how everyday life during the industrial revolution period was reflected in the mid-XIX century English art. Using F. M. Brown’s comment on his painting named «Work», T. Carlyle’s essay «Past and Present», the author analyzes their views on modern life, state and reflex of the relations between different social stratas.

In the present paper the content of the leading American periodicals of different political views about the Soviet Union for 1947 is analyzed. The author explores how and why the popular American periodicals’ attitude has been changed since 1946 and how these changes affected making new images of the recent ally in press. The author used a wide range of periodicals including research one for writing this paper.